Net Zero Compare
Recyclability Assessment Methodology (RAM), UK

Recyclability Assessment Methodology (RAM), UK: Operationalising EPR fee modulation

Onye Dike
Written by Onye Dike
Updated on April 15th, 2026

Summary

The UK Recyclability Assessment Methodology (RAM) is a regulatory framework used to assess the recyclability of packaging in practice within the United Kingdom. Developed by PackUK under the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) regime, it requires large producers to evaluate and report how their packaging performs across real-world collection, sorting, and recycling systems. The methodology produces a red, amber, or green rating, which is used to determine modulated EPR fees and incentivise more recyclable packaging design.

Details

Jurisdictions
  • The United Kingdom
Mandatory for

The Recyclability Assessment Methodology is for large producers of household packaging in the UK to assess and report recyclability under EPR requirements.

Deep dive

3 min read
Updated Apr 15, 2026

📩 Stay ahead of climate regulation and reporting shifts

Regulatory updates, reporting standards, and new climate software — distilled into one concise weekly brief for decision-makers.

Thanks for signing up. Please check your inbox to confirm your subscription.

Practical updates. Once per week.


Background

The RAM was introduced to create a consistent, evidence-based approach to recyclability, addressing limitations in earlier systems where recyclability was often inferred from material type alone. Under the UK’s EPR framework, producers are financially responsible for the management of packaging waste. The RAM supports this by ensuring that fees reflect the actual recyclability of packaging in UK systems, rather than theoretical recyclability. By linking recyclability performance to cost, the methodology aims to improve recycling outcomes, reduce contamination in waste streams, and encourage packaging design aligned with UK infrastructure.

Assessment and reporting

The RAM requires producers to assess the recyclability of their packaging and report the results under the UK’s EPR framework. Producers must evaluate packaging across the full end-of-life pathway, reflecting how materials are handled in practice within UK systems. The methodology is structured around five sequential stages:

  • Classification – identifying materials and components, including how multi-material packaging is assessed

  • Collection – whether the packaging is widely collected by UK local authorities

  • Sortation – whether it can be effectively separated at scale

  • Reprocessing – whether it can be recycled without technical or quality issues

  • Application – whether the recyclate can be used in new products

Based on performance across these stages, packaging is assigned a traffic-light rating:

  • Green: widely recyclable in practice

  • Amber: recyclable with limitations

  • Red: not recyclable in current systems

This rating must be reported to regulators and is used to determine modulated EPR fees, with less recyclable packaging incurring higher costs.

From 1 January 2025, large (“liable”) producers are required to:

  • assess the recyclability of all relevant household packaging using RAM

  • report the results as part of their EPR data submissions

The requirement applies to packaging likely to enter household waste streams, including items disposed of in public bins.

Current status

The RAM is an active and evolving regulatory methodology. Version 1.1 was published in April 2025, incorporating simplifications based on industry feedback to improve usability. The methodology is updated annually, with revisions aligned to EPR reporting cycles and informed by changes in recycling infrastructure and stakeholder input. As EPR fee modulation becomes fully operational from 2026, the RAM is expected to play a central role in shaping packaging design decisions and cost structures across the UK market.

Resources


Onye Dike
Added by:
Onye Dike
Sustainability Research Analyst
Onye Dike is a Sustainability Research Analyst at Net Zero Compare, where he contributes to research and analysis on environmental regulations, carbon accounting, and emerging sustainability trends.
Our principle

Cut through the green tape

We don't push agendas. At Net Zero Compare, we cut through the hype and fear to deliver the straightforward facts you need for making informed decisions on green products and services. Whether motivated by compliance, customer demands, or a real passion for the environment, you’re welcome here. We provide reliable information. Why you seek it is not our concern.

Added on Apr 14, 2026 by Onye Dike · Updated on Apr 15, 2026