United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is the global intergovernmental body responsible for coordinating international action on climate change. Established in 1992, it provides the legal foundation for global climate governance and hosts the annual Conference of the Parties (COP), where countries negotiate climate agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement. The UNFCCC supports nearly all countries in developing climate policies, submitting greenhouse-gas inventories, preparing national climate plans, and implementing mitigation and adaptation measures. Its Secretariat facilitates negotiations, manages transparency frameworks, supports climate finance mechanisms, and provides technical and scientific guidance. Through its institutional structure, the UNFCCC drives collective global progress on decarbonisation, climate resilience, and long-term climate neutrality.